Interactions of Hormones and Neurotransmitters and Mood
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The content segments provide an in-depth exploration of the complex interactions between hormones and neurotransmitters in behavioral health. The focus is on understanding how these substances affect various aspects of well-being, such as mood, energy, and gut motility. The role of serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, endorphins, endocannabinoids, cortisol, adrenaline, thyroid hormones, testosterone, DHEA, oxytocin, progesterone, and estrogen is discussed.
Serotonin, a neurotransmitter stored primarily in the gut, plays a crucial role in mood, energy, and various bodily functions. Low serotonin levels can lead to low dopamine, affecting motivation and energy. The mnemonic "Snagged E" helps remember the neurotransmitters and hormones discussed.
Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, needs to be balanced to prevent neurotoxicity. Testosterone increases its toxicity, while estrogen buffers against it. GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter, helps regulate excitability and downregulate the stress response.
The endocannabinoid system modulates the HPA axis and can reduce stress hormones. Cortisol, released during stress, reduces serotonin, GABA, and dopamine. Testosterone and DHEA decrease in response to stress, leading to low energy and libido. Oxytocin increases in response to calming chemicals and cortisol in protective situations. Progesterone, surprisingly, is released in response to stress and balances estrogen.
The delicate balance of neurotransmitters and hormones can have cascading effects on mood, pain, inflammation, and immunity. Aging naturally reduces certain hormones, contributing to mood problems and decreased immunity.
Understanding these interactions and imbalances is crucial for understanding symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other mood disorders. Regular blood work and healthy behaviors are important for maintaining neurotransmitter balance.
The content segments provide an in-depth exploration of the complex interactions between hormones an